Analysis of city centrality based on entropy weight TOPSIS and population mobility:A case study of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt     

罗静  陈四云  孙璇  朱媛媛  曾菊新  陈广平 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(4):515-534

Based on statistical data and population flow data for 2016,and using entropy weight TOPSIS and the obstacle degree model,the centrality of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)together with the factors influencing centrality were measured.In addition,data for the population flow were used to analyze the relationships between cities and to verify centrality.The results showed that:(1)The pattern of centrality conforms closely to the pole-axis theory and the central geography theory.Two axes,corresponding to the Yangtze River and the Shanghai-Kunming railway line,interconnect cities of different classes.On the whole,the downstream cities have higher centrality,well-defined gradients and better development of city infrastructure compared with cities in the middle and upper reaches.(2)The economic scale and size of the population play a fundamental role in the centrality of cities,and other factors reflect differences due to different city classes.For most of the coastal cities or the capital cities in the central and western regions,factors that require long-term development such as industrial facilities,consumption,research and education provide the main competitive advantages.For cities that are lagging behind in development,transportation facilities,construction of infrastructure and fixed asset investment have become the main methods to achieve development and enhance competitiveness.(3)The mobility of city populations has a significant correlation with the centrality score,the correlation coefficients for the relationships between population mobility and centrality are all greater than 0.86(P<0.01).The population flow is mainly between high-class cities,or high-class and low-class cities,reflecting the high centrality and huge radiating effects of high-class cities.Furthermore,the cities in the YREB are closely linked to Guangdong and Beijing,reflecting the dominant economic status of Guangdong with its geographical proximity to the YREB and Beijing's enormous influence as the national political and cultural center,respectively.  相似文献   

The Wadden Sea in transition - consequences of sea level rise     

Johannes Becherer  Jacobus Hofstede  Ulf Gräwe  Kaveh Purkiani  Elisabeth Schulz  Hans Burchard 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(1):131-151

The impact of sea level rise (SLR) on the future morphological development of the Wadden Sea (North Sea) is investigated by means of extensive process-resolving numerical simulations. A new sediment and morphodynamic module was implemented in the well-established 3D circulation model GETM. A number of different validations are presented, ranging from an idealized 1D channel over a semi-idealized 2D Wadden Sea basin to a fully coupled realistic 40-year hindcast without morphological amplification of the Sylt-Rømøbight, a semi-enclosed subsystem of the Wadden Sea. Based on the results of the hindcast, four distinct future scenarios covering the period 2010–2100 are simulated. While these scenarios differ in the strength of SLR and wind forcing, they also account for an expected increase of tidal range over the coming century. The results of the future projections indicate a transition from a tidal-flat-dominated system toward a lagoon-like system, in which large fractions of the Sylt-Rømøbight will remain permanently covered by water. This has potentially dramatic implications for the unique ecosystem of the Wadden Sea. Although the simulations also predict an increased accumulation of sediment in the back-barrier basin, this accumulation is far too weak to compensate for the rise in mean sea level.  相似文献   

吉林延边红太平铜多金属矿床脉型矿化的成矿时代与构造背景     

侯鹤楠  任云生  陆思宇  郝宇杰  杨群 《岩石学报》2020,36(3):820-836

吉林延边红太平铜多金属矿床位于兴蒙造山带东段,区内发育产于晚古生代火山沉积岩系中的层状铜多金属矿体和受岩体及构造控制的脉状铅锌矿体。为了确定脉型铅锌矿化的成矿时代与构造背景,本文对与脉状铅锌矿体相关的英安岩开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及岩石地球化学研究,并对脉状铅锌矿体中金属硫化物开展了Rb-Sr同位素定年。结果表明,英安岩中28个锆石测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为204.1±2.0Ma(MSWD=0.24),脉状铅锌矿石中4件金属硫化物的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为206.8±9.0Ma(MSWD=2.0),二者在误差范围内基本一致,表明红太平矿床脉型铅锌矿化的成矿时代为晚三叠世末期。英安岩的稀土元素配分模式呈明显的轻稀土元素(LREEs)富集,轻重稀土分馏明显[(La/Yb)N=7.59～8.28],存在弱的Eu异常(δEu=0.65～0.68);微量元素以富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs:Rb、Ba和K)和不相容元素(U、Th),亏损高场强元素(HFSEs:Nb、Ta、P和Ti)为特征,表明原始岩浆应为壳-幔混源;脉状铅锌矿体中4件金属硫化物初始Sr同位素比值(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.705954～0.707101(均值0.706390),表明脉型铅锌矿化与壳-幔混源的岩浆作用密切相关。根据Rb-(Yb+Ta)及La/Yb-Th/Yb图解判别结果,结合区域构造演化分析,认为红太平矿区英安岩及相关的脉型铅锌矿化形成于活动大陆边缘的构造环境,与晚三叠世-早侏罗世(T_3-J_1)古太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲作用密切相关。  相似文献   

石榴石微量元素地球化学及其在沉积物源分析中的应用     

洪东铭  简星  黄鑫  张巍  马金戈 《地学前缘》2020,27(3):191-201

石榴石是沉积物中常见的重矿物,其可来源于多种岩石,而且不同类型母岩中石榴石具有多样的地球化学组成,因此碎屑石榴石的地球化学分析在沉积物源研究中应用广泛。通过电子探针分析可以容易地获得单颗粒碎屑石榴石的主量元素地球化学组成,可借此探讨其母岩类型,但也存在一定的局限性,比如中酸性火成岩和部分变沉积岩来源的石榴石通常都具有高Fe、Mn的特征,不易于区分。本文系统地收集了不同岩石类型的石榴石微量元素数据,尝试利用微量元素地球化学的差异性对碎屑石榴石物源分析进行补充。最终得出以下结论:(1)石榴石的稀土元素(REE)组成与钇(Y)元素指标可区分中酸性火成岩和变沉积岩来源的碎屑石榴石;(2)基性岩(橄榄岩、辉石岩)及所对应的变基性岩石(榴辉岩)中石榴石的微量元素地球化学组成相近,但部分橄榄岩来源的石榴石在镨/钬(Pr_N/Ho_N)值和重稀土总量(ΣHREE含量)上与辉石岩和榴辉岩的有显著差别,这一特点可运用于以基性岩母岩为主的碎屑沉积物源研究中;(3)夕卡岩中的石榴石在主量元素地球化学组成上表现为高度一致的高Ca特征,而稀土元素组成具有两种典型的分配模式,岩浆型(指示富铁、氧化环境)与热液型(指示富铝、还原环境)。综上所述,石榴石微量元素地球化学可以有效地运用于沉积物源分析研究中,是其主量元素物源分析方法的重要补充。  相似文献   

厚层切叠砂体自然层描述方法:以北一区断东葡一组1-4小层为例     

吴迪  马世忠  景丽娟  周志国 《世界地质》2020,39(1):106-112

将多期切叠河道砂体归类合并,建立一个“垂向连续,横向联通的表外砂岩空间体”(其中砂岩间夹层厚度≤0.4 m)的自然层概念来控制多期河道复合切叠厚砂体。以北一匹断东萄一组1-4小层为例,利用自然层间砂体厚度、切叠程度、测井曲线形态、相叠加类型及砂体叠加期次将自然层分为5类;再依据砂体间切叠位置、切叠程度和切叠形态的差异建立自然层剖面表征方法;依据砂体叠加期次,建立自然层在平面上表征模式。  相似文献   

SILLS软件在单个萤石流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析数据处理中的应用     

李阳  邹灏  刘行  蒋修未  李蝶 《岩矿测试》2020,39(2):300-310

近年来激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)应用于单个流体包裹体成分定量分析已成为研究流体包裹体的最佳手段之一。该实验过程和数据处理比较复杂,目前国内外采用的数据分析软件为一款基于MATLAB的SILLS软件,该软件主要是对矿物(锆石)、流体包裹体以及熔体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析结果进行处理。本文以萤石流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析为例,阐述了样品制备与流体包裹体的优选方法,对流体包裹体片厚度以及单个流体包裹体的选取要求作了详细描述,对仪器参数设置、内外标样选取和剥蚀方法等进行了说明。基于SILLS软件采用尖峰消除的方法对待处理数据进行校正,对不同种类型的波峰进行峰宽的选取。在元素比值校正和等效盐度计算过程中,由于被测样品是萤石,Ca元素具有较高的背景值,选择以Na作为流体包裹体的内标元素,以Ca作为寄主矿物的内标元素对寄主矿物浓度进行计算,同时提出以电价平衡代替质量平衡进行等效盐度计算。以上方案提高了LA-ICP-MS分析单个萤石流体包裹体的准确性,有助于解释成矿流体来源和矿床成因等问题。  相似文献   

华北克拉通东部古太平洋板块俯冲与回撤作用:来自辽西兴城地区晚中生代花岗质岩石的记录与启示   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔芳华  徐学纯  郑常青  姚文贵  施璐 《岩石学报》2020,36(8):2463-2492

目前对于华北克拉通东部晚中生代花岗质岩石的成因仍存在地幔柱、加厚/拆沉下地壳部分熔融、俯冲板片脱水导致地壳熔融等不同认识。辽西兴城地区晚中生代花岗质岩石主要由二长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩和石英正长岩组成,岩浆成因锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示岩浆活动主要发生于晚侏罗世(156Ma)、早白垩世早期(139Ma)、早白垩世中期(130～125Ma)。岩石地球化学测试分析结果显示岩石属于高钾钙碱性系列且具有富集K、Pb等大离子亲石元素而相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素等活动陆缘岩浆岩特点,表明辽西地区晚中生代岩浆活动的发生与俯冲作用有关。晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期(156～139Ma)花岗质岩石地球化学特征与I型花岗岩类似,同时具有富集的Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=-22.70～-18.66)和古老的Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(tDM2=2387～2767Ma),其初始岩浆可能来源于古老中上地壳的部分熔融;形成于130Ma的花岗质岩石同样具有与I型花岗岩相类似的岩石地球化学特征,但其Hf同位素组成突变为亏损(εHf(t)=+3.64～+6.22、tDM1=537～969Ma),其初始岩浆起源于新元古代新生地壳物质的部分熔融并混入少量亏损地幔物质组分;形成于125Ma的花岗质岩石为碱性A型花岗岩,岩石地球化学特征与其他岩石有所不同,具有负的εHf(t)值(-17.30～-11.56)和相对古老的Hf同位素二阶段年龄(tDM2=1917～2278Ma),初始岩浆可能起源于较为古老的中下地壳部分熔融并有幔源物质的参与。华北克拉通东部形成于160～139Ma的花岗质岩石具有I型、高钾钙碱性、与埃达克质岩石类似的高Sr/Y、低Y含量特征和富集的Hf同位素组成,而形成于130～120Ma的花岗质岩石具有A型、碱性、与典型岛弧岩浆岩类似的岩石地球化学特征和相对亏损的Hf同位素组成,同时晚中生代岩浆活动具有向洋年轻化的特点,表明华北克拉通东部156～139Ma期间可能受到古太平洋板块的持续俯冲作用,而139～130Ma古太平洋俯冲板片开始回撤,130～125Ma进入古太平洋俯冲板片持续回撤导致的强烈区域伸展作用阶段。古太平洋俯冲板片脱水交代岩石圈地幔并形成幔源岩浆,幔源岩浆不断底侵作用于古老/新生地壳使其发生部分熔融为花岗质岩石提供岩浆来源。  相似文献   

Geochemical study of the Neoproterozoic clastic sedimentary rocks of the Khambal Formation (Sindreth Basin), Aravalli Craton,NW Indian Shield: Implications for paleoweathering,provenance, and geodynamic evolution     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2020,80(1):125596

Petrographic and geochemical studies characterize lithologies of the Khambal Formation deposited in the Sindreth Basin as arkosic, subarkosic, and quartzarenite. Weathering indices, such as CIA and CIW in conjunction with the ACNK diagram, prescribe mostly moderate chemical weathering with intermittent pulses of extreme weathering in the source area. The discrimination diagrams suggest that these Neoproterozoic clastics were deposited in an active rift basin. Provenance indicators of the detritus components point to a terrane possessing subordinate mafic material in conjunction with large felsic components. A comparison of immobile element ratios with probable source rocks suggest that the Mesoproterozoic Delhi arc situated to the east of the Sindreth Basin could be the possible source. Our mixing calculation defines the proportion of end member components in the Delhi arc. Geodynamic considerations relate the origin of the Sindreth Basin to the processes of disintegration and reassembly of supercontinents.  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb geochronology,whole-rock geochemical,and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic constraints on the timing and origin of Permian and Triassic mafic dykes from eastern North China Craton     

Liu  Shen  Feng  Caixia  Fan  Yan  Chen  Xiaoqing  Yang  Yuhong  Zhao  Huibo  Coulson  Ian M. 《中国地球化学学报》2020,39(6):862-886

Acta Geochimica - This work reports an important episode of extensional, mafic magmatism that impacted the North China Craton (NCC) during the Permo-Triassic and influenced the evolution of this...  相似文献   

中国重点产业创新产出时空分异及影响因素     

王彬燕  王士君  田俊峰  浩飞龙 《地理研究》2019,38(2):259-272

采用Mann-Kendall、Theil指数、空间马尔科夫链等方法,对1994-2014年中国十大重点产业创新产出时空演化进行分析,并对创新发展空间分异成因进行了探讨。研究表明：① 研究期内,中国重点产业创新产出分为两个时段,成果呈指数型增长;② 创新产出差异先增后减,东、中、西、东北板块间差异小于板块内部,创新产出发展呈现出传染扩散与等级扩散的双重特征;③ 邻域环境影响创新发展,创新产出水平发生类型转移的单元集中在东、中部地区,且活跃度不断提升;④ 经济社会与政策条件、高等教育基础条件对重点产业创新发展有明显的正向驱动作用,而工业化程度影响微弱,未来加强对高等教育基础与智力资本的投入可进一步增强重点产业创新发展竞争力。  相似文献